가지제비꽃
| 과 | 제비꽃과(Violaceae) 1속 (피자식물문/목련강/제비꽃목) |
|---|---|
| 속 | 제비꽃속(Viola) 70종 |
| 국명 | 가지제비꽃(한반도특산식물) |
| 학명 | Viola ramiflora K. O. Yoo |
| 개요 | Viola ramiflora K. O. Yoo, sp. nov. (Figs. 1, 2).?TYPE: Korea. Jeju-do: Jeju-si, Ora-dong, 250 m, 4 Apr 2013, K. O. Yoo et al. KWNU-95005 (holotype, KWNU; isotypes: KWNU). Korean name: Ga-ji-je-bi-kkot 가지제비꽃. Diagnosis: Viola ramiflora K. O. Yoo is distinguished from its related species Viola hirtipes, Viola japonica, Viola phalacrocarpa, and Viola seoulensis by having a peduncle form and bracteoles with a cleistogamous shape. Herbs, perennial, acaulescent. Rhizome short. Roots white, elongated. Leaves basal, rosulate, pubescent; blade triangularovate, ovate, or oblong, 2.1?4.7 × 1.2?2.8 cm; petiole 3.2?10.8 cm long, narrow winged, pubescent. Flowers pale purple; peduncles 3-branched in the middle, pubescent, 6.6?13.0 cm long; bracteoles middle or above middle, oblong-ovate, 6.5? 10.7 mm long, margins serrate or entire. Sepals lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, 5.7?8.1 × 1.5?2.6 mm. Petals 5, glabrous; upper ones obovate, 1.2?2.3 cm, lateral ones oblong-obovate, 0.8?1.7 cm long, lower ones obovate, 1.3?2.4 cm long; spur tubular, 5.6?9.6 × 2.0?2.5 mm, glabrous or sparsely puberulent. Stamens 5; 2 anthers extend in-to spur, secrete nectar. Styles clavate; stigmas capitate, beaked in front. Capsule obovate, glabrous. Seeds brown, pale brown, ovoid-globose, 1.9?2.2 × 1.2?1.3 mm (Table 1). Flowering: April. Distribution: Korea (Jeju-do). Etymology: The specific epithet is derived from branched peduncle. The Korean name, Ga-ji-je-bi-kkot, comes from the morphological characters of the branched peduncle. |
| 근연종* | A Key to Viola ramiflora and its related taxa 1. Leaves ovate, ovate-ellipsoid, triangular-ovate, oblong, orbicular. 2. Flowers white. 3. Leaf blade entire, margin regularly dentate ························································· V. albida 태백제비꽃 3. Leaf blade divided, margin irregularly dentate ························· V. albida var. takahashii 단풍제비꽃 2. Flowers purple, pale purple. 3. Ovary and capsule pubescent ····································································· V. phalacrocarpa 털제비꽃 3. Ovary and capsule glabrous. 4. Petiole pubescent. 5. Leaves both surface, petiole, peduncles pubescent. 6. Peduncles 3-branched ······················································· V. ramiflora 가지제비꽃 6. Peduncles not branched···················································· V. seoulensis 서울제비꽃 5. Leaves both surface usually glabrous, petiole and peduncles sparsely puberulous ··············································· V. hirtipes 흰털제비꽃 4. Petiole glabrous ············ V. japonica 왜제비꽃 1. Leaves narrowly ovate, triangular-lanceolate, broadly triangular. 7. Flowers purple. 8. Petiole glabrous; lateral petals pubescent··························································· V. mandshurica 제비꽃 8. Petiole pubescent; lateral petals glabrous···························································· V. yedoensis 호제비꽃 7. Flowers white. 9. Leaves narrowly triangular-lanceolate, petiole conspicuously winged from base; lateral petals with purple stripes ························ V. patrinii 흰제비꽃 9. Leaves broadly triangular-lanceolate, petiole narrowly winged on upper part; lateral petals, stripes absent ················· V. lactiflora 흰젖제비꽃 |
| 동정키 | 제주도에서 제비꽃속의 신종인 가지제비꽃(Viola ramiflora K. O. Yoo)을 새로이 발견하여 기재 및 도해하였다. 가지제비꽃은 꽃이 연한 자색이고 잎이 삼각상 난형, 난형 또는 장타원형으로 엽병에 얕은 날개가 발달한다는 점에서 제비꽃계열의 털제비꽃, 서울제비꽃, 흰털제비꽃, 그리고 왜제비꽃과 비슷하나 폐쇄화와 개방화의 화경이 뚜렷하게 분지하며, 폐쇄화의 포엽이 장란형으로 신장하는 특징을 가져 신종으로 명명하였다. |
| 참고문헌 | https://doi.org/10.11110/kjpt.2019.49.2.140 |
