은빛까마중
| 과 | 가지과(Solanaceae) 13속 (피자식물문/목련강/가지목) |
|---|---|
| 속 | 가지속(Solanum) 15종 |
| 국명 | 은빛까마중(외래식물) |
| 학명 | Solanum elaeagnifolium Cav. |
| 개요 | Description: Perennial herbs. Root extensively branched, up to 2 m. Stem round, up to 1.5 m tall, 5-10 mm in diameter, somewhat creeping, a few branched, base lignified, tip soft, new branches with a few scattered brownish prickles. Leaves, stems and calyx are densely pubescent with stellate hairs, giving the plant its typical silver-green appearance. Leaves alternate, green to pale greyish green, petiole 5-25 mm. Leaves lanceolate to linear, 8-10 cm long, 1.0-2.5 cm wide, obtuse or acute, slightly undulate margins. The lower surface of leaf is more silvery than upper surface. The first leaf vein distinct on the lower surface, the second veins 5-9 alternatively pinnate. Inflorescence solitary cyme of 1-7 flowers, with 5-20 mm long pedicel. Flowers actinomorphic, regular. Calyx 5-7 mm long, united up to 2/3 from base, 4-5 lobed with acute tip. Corolla 25-35 mm in diameter, united up to 2/3 from base, 5 lobed with round lip with orbicular tip, generally bright blue to purple but sometimes white. Anther 5, 7-9 mm long, yellow. Pistil 5 mm long, ovary covers by white wooly hairs, style stout, stigma round. Fruit irregularly dehiscent berry, spherical, 10- 15 mm in diameter, green (with white patches) and fleshy at first, drying and becoming yellow to orange at maturity. Seed flat and round, 2-3 mm in diameter, 60-120 seeds per fruit (Fig. 1-A and 1-B) |
| 근연종* | Key to the species of Solanum subgenus Leptostemonum in Korea 1. Leaves compound 2. Leaves secondary pinnate; five anthers equal in length; fruit partially enclosed by spiny calyx ······························································· S. sisymbriifolium 2. Leaves primarily pinnate; one anther longer than others; fruit completely enclosed by heavily spiny calyx ········································································· S. rostratum 1. Leaves simple 3. Plants silver color; leaves oblong to linear; leaf margin entire ···················································· S. elaeagnifolium 3. Plants green color; leaves oval or ovate or oblong; leaf margin entire or undulate or incised 4. Leaf margins usually entire or undulate; stem purplish; soft prickles sometimes on stems, peduncle and calyx; fruit round to cylindrical, size and color variable ··································································· S. melongena 4. Leaf margins incised; stem greenish; hard and sharp prickles always on leaf veins, stems, peduncle and calyx; fruit round, 13-16 mm in diameter, yellow to orange colors ··········································· S. carolinense |
| 참고문헌 | DOI: https://doi.org/10.11110/kjpt.2014.44.1.18 |
